Composition of nanoparticles in optical fibers by Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry

The development of new active optical fibre devices requires materials with « augmented » intrinsic properties, though using luminescent ion (LI) –doped silica as host glass. Optical fibers containing Dielectric Nanoparticles (DNP) grown by phase separation are proposed. DNP would optimally fully encapsulate LI to produce « engineered » spectroscopic properties. To determine the composition of DNP, Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry imaging at high spatial resolution is employed. Through the use of this technique, we demonstrate without ambiguity the partition of Mg, P and Er in DNP. By increasing Mg concentration, Si concentration in DNP decreases, which explains the spectroscopic behaviour of Er. 2012 Optical Society of America OCIS codes:(060.2270) Fiber characterization; (060.2290) Fiber materials; (160.4236) Nanomaterials; (160.5690) Rare-earth-doped materials; (160.6030) Silica. References and links 1. M.J.F. Digonnet, Rare-earth-doped fiber lasers and amplifiers, (CRC Press, 2001). 2. B.N. Samson, L. R. Pinckney, J. Wang, G. H. Beall and N. F. Borrelli, “Nickel-doped nanocrystalline glass-ceramic fiber,” Opt. Lett. 27, 1309-1311 (2002). 3. B. N. Samson, P. A. Tick, and N. F. Borrelli, “Efficient neodymium-doped glass-ceramic fiber laser and amplifier,” Opt. Lett 26, 145-147 (2001). 4. S. Yoo,U.-C. Paek and W.-T. Han, “Development of a glass optical fiber containing ZnO– Al2O3–SiO2 glass-ceramics doped with Co 2+ and its optical absorption characteristics,” J. Non-Cryst. Sol. 315, 180–186 (2003). 5. C.I. Oppo, R. Corpino, P.C. Ricci, M.C. Paul, S. Das, M. Pal, S.K. Bhadra, S. Yoo, M.P. Kalita, A.J. Boyland, J.K. Sahu, P. Ghigna and F. d‟Acapito, “Incorporation of Yb ions in multicomponent phase-separated fibre glass preforms,” Opt. Mater. 34, 660-664 (2012). 6. J. Thomas, M. Myara, L. Troussellier, E. Burov, A. Pastouret, D. Boivin, G. Mélin, O. Gilard, M. Sotom, P. Signoret, “Radiation-resistant erbium-doped-nanoparticles optical fiber for space applications,” Opt. Express 20, 2435-2444 (2012) 7. W. Blanc, B. Dussardier and M.C. Paul, “Er doped oxide nanoparticles in silica based optical fibres,” Glass Technol.: Eur. J. Glass Sci. Technol. A 50, 79-81 (2009). 8. W. Blanc, V. Mauroy, L. Nguyen, S.N.B. Bhaktha, P. Sebbah, B.P. Pal and B. Dussardier, “Fabrication of rare-earth doped transparent glass ceramic optical fibers by modified chemical vapor deposition,” J. Am. Ceram. Soc. 94, 2315–2318 (2011). 9. F. Sidiroglou, S.T. Huntington, A. Roberts, R. Stern, I.R. Fletcher and G.W. Baxter, “Simultaneous multidopant investigation of rare-earth-doped optical fibers by an ion microprobe,” Opt. Lett. 31, 3258-3260 (2006). 10. M. L. Kraft, P.K. Weber, M.L. Longo, I.D. Hutcheon and S.G. Boxer, “Phase Separation of Lipid Membranes Analyzed with High-Resolution Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry,” Science 313, 19481951 (2006). 11. N. Valle, J. Drillet, A. Pic and H. N Migeon, “Nano-SIMS investigation of boron distribution in steels,” Surf. Interface Anal. 43, 573-575 (2011). 12. C. Lechene, F. Hillion, G. McMahon, D. Benson, A.M. Kleinfeld, J.P. Kampf, D. Distel, Y. Luyten, J. Bonventre, D. Hentschel, K. Moo Park, S. Ito, M. Schwartz, G. Benichou and G. Slodzian, “High resolution quantitative imaging of mammalian and bacterial cells using stable isotope mass spectrometry,” Journal of Biology 5, 20-1-20-30 (2006). 13. J.B. Mac Chesney, P.B. Oapos Connor, H.M. Presby, “A new technique for the preparation of low-loss and graded-index optical fibers,” Proc IEEE 62, 1280-1281 (1974). 14. J.E. Townsend, S.B. Poole, and D.N. Payne, “Solution-doping technique for fabrication of rareearth-doped optical fibres,” Elect. Lett. 23, 329-331 (1987). 15. W. Blanc, B. Dussardier, G. Monnom, R. Peretti, A.-M. Jurdyc, B. Jacquier, M. Foret and A. Roberts, “Erbium emission properties in nanostructured fibers”, “Erbium emission properties in nanostructured fibers”, Appl. Opt. 48, G119-124 (2009). 16. E.H. Hauri, J. Wang, J.E. Dixon, P.L. King, C. Mandeville and S. Newman, “SIMS Investigations of volatiles in silicate glasses, 1: Calibration, matrix effects and comparisons with FTIR,” Chem. Geol. 183, 99-114 (2002).